It formed part of the electorate of the Archbishop of Mainz, and in 1803 was made over to Archbishop Karl Theodor von Dalberg as the Principality of Aschaffenburg.Īschaffenburg was the site of the " Forstliche Hochschule Aschaffenburg " ( Königlich Bayerische Centralforstlehranstalt ), established in 1807, "made famous by the researches of Professor Dr Ernst Ebermayer." The Academy was "dissolved in 1832, but re-organized under the Ministry of Finance in 1874" and, as "of 30th March, 1874, united to the University of Munich." During the Battle of Dettingen (1743), which took place to the north, the town was occupied by French troops. : 57 The town suffered greatly during the Thirty Years' War, being held in turn by the various belligerents. It was replaced in 1605-14 by the Renaissance Schloss Johannisburg. In 1552, the late- Gothic castle of Johannisburg was destroyed. : 56–7 Modern times through 19th century In the German Peasants' War (1525), the town backed the losing side. In 1292 a synod was held here, and in 1447 an imperial diet, preliminary to that of Vienna, approved a concordat (sometimes called the Aschaffenburg Concordat). A Vizedom is mentioned for the first time in 1122 as the top local representative of the Archbishop. The town (referred to in 975 as a civitas) was part of the Archbishopric of Mainz from 982, when Duke Otto died. A stone bridge over the Main was reportedly built by Archbishop Willigis in 989, who also made the town his second residence. In the Middle Ages the town was known as Ascaffaburc, Ascapha or Ascaphaburg. Ascaffinburg is mentioned first in 974 in a gift document by Otto II, in which he gave several villages including Wertheim am Main and a stretch of forest in the Spessart to the collegiate church. She also died here in 885 and was later laid to rest with her daughter Hildegard in the Stiftskirche. In 869, King Louis the Younger married Liutgard of Saxony at Aschaffenburg. Peter und Alexander in the second half of the 10th century (957). In the 8th century, a Benedictine monastery was founded, dedicated to St. : 69Īround 550, the area had been conquered by the Franks, and their Hausmeier built a castle here. 700 AD, the Ravenna Cosmography names two settlements in region: Uburzis ( Würzburg) and Ascapha (Aschaffenburg). The earliest remains of settlements in the area of Aschaffenburg date from the Stone Age.Īschaffenburg was originally a settlement of the Alamanni. Aschaffenburg usually receives less snowfall during the winter than the nearby Spessart. The climate is continental, typically with warm, dry summers and cold, damp winters. The region is also known as Bayerischer Untermain ("Bavarian Lower Main"). In the western part of the municipality, the smaller Aschaff flows into the Main. On a federal scale it is part of central Germany, just 41 kilometers (25 mi) southeast of Frankfurt am Main. The town is located on both sides of the Main in north-west Bavaria, bordering to Hesse. 3.2 Age distribution of the population (as of 2007).2.5 Aschaffenburg displaced persons camps.